Visionarios en ciencia y tecnología

Antagonistic effect of native microorganisms from agricultural soils against phytopathogenic fungi

Tue, 03 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the antagonistic effect of native microorganisms from agricultural soils against phytopathogenic fungi associated with representative crops in the region. Material and Methods: Bacteria and fungi were isolated from soil samples collected from various agricultural crops using conventional microbiological methods. Subsequently, in vitro direct confrontation tests were performed to determine the antagonistic activity of the isolated microorganisms. Results: None of the evaluated bacteria showed antagonistic activity against the phytopathogenic fungi in tomato, pepper, carrot, orange, and ulluco crops. In contrast, some fungi, particularly H-pap-11 and H-pap-15, showed significant inhibition of the phytopathogens in tomato, pepper, and carrot, highlighting their potential as biocontrol agents. Conclusions: Although no antagonistic activity was detected in the bacteria, the positive results obtained with certain native fungi suggest their potential as an ecological alternative in the biological control of agricultural diseases, opening new perspectives for the sustainable management of phytopathogens.

Evaluation of the physicochemical and microbiological quality of a gelled formulation made with collagen based on fish scales

Tue, 03 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: The objective of this study was to demonstrate whether a gel formulation developed with collagen extracted from fish scales is stable, functional, and safe for cosmetic applications. Material and Methods: A gel formulation derived from fish scales was developed, and physicochemical parameters (pH, viscosity, protein, lipid, carbohydrate, ash, and moisture content) were analyzed following AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemists) methods. Additionally, microbiological aspects (mesophilic bacteria, coliforms, molds, yeasts, and Salmonella spp.) were evaluated, and a sensory test was conducted with consumers. Results: The results showed a pH of 6.8 and a viscosity of 150 cP, which are suitable for stability. Protein content was 25%, carbohydrates reached 60.2%, and lipids were 5.5%. No Salmonella spp. was detected, and other microbiological parameters remained within permissible limits. In the sensory test, the attributes of odor and texture were highly accepted, although the visual appearance received a moderately positive rating. Conclusions: The formulation meets quality standards and represents a functional, safe, and sustainable alternative. Furthermore, its production contributes to the valorization of fishing waste, fostering economic development in coastal areas through a circular economy strategy.

Antimicrobial effect of plant extracts from native plants of Moyobamba against pathogenic microorganisms

Tue, 03 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: To evaluate the antimicrobial effect of plant extracts from native species of Moyobamba against clinically relevant pathogenic microorganisms. Material and Methods: Samples from five plant species were collected, and extracts were obtained through maceration with solvents of different polarities. A phytochemical analysis was performed to identify secondary metabolites, and antimicrobial activity was assessed using well diffusion and broth microdilution methods against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enterica, Staphylococcus aureus, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Results: Only the bark extract of Indano (Byrsonima crassifolia) exhibited antimicrobial activity, inhibiting exclusively S. aureus with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.195 mg/mL. Conclusions: The bark of B. crassifolia contains compounds with antibacterial potential against S. aureus, supporting its traditional use. Further studies are needed to isolate the active principles and evaluate their therapeutic application.

Effectiveness of Sacubitril/Valsartan: A Literature Review

Tue, 03 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

High blood pressure is a common and silent chronic disease that increases the risk of cardiovascular, renal, and cerebral complications. It affects millions of people worldwide, many without diagnosis or adequate treatment. Its control represents a major public health challenge, especially in developing countries. Objective: To analyze the literature associated with the use of antihypertensives such as sacubitril/valsartan and their effectiveness, highlighting their importance in public health. Material and Methods: The PRISMA methodology was applied, initially identifying 326 articles, of which 298 were excluded from the analysis because they were review articles and not case reports. Next, 15 open-access full-text articles were selected, 9 of which were directly related to our research objective. In this article, we included only original clinical trials published between 2021 and 2024 in English and Spanish from the PubMed database. To find these publications, we used keywords such as sacubitril/valsartan, effectiveness, heart failure, cardiovascular. Results: Sacubitril/valsartan demonstrated increased therapeutic effectiveness. Similarly, some articles presented evidence of adverse reactions such as symptomatic hypotension, hyperkalemia, worsening renal function, dizziness, and angioedema. Conclusions: Based on the analyzed articles, it is concluded that sacubitril/valsartan therapy is effective, safe, and moderately tolerated. It can be considered a first-line treatment for various cardiovascular conditions, including heart failure, elevated natriuretic peptide levels, ventricular remodeling, blood pressure reduction, and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, among others.

Level of knowledge regarding healthcare document regulations among postgraduate stomatology students

Luis Alexis Bernuy Torres, Xiomara López Arias — Tue, 03 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the level of knowledge regarding the management of standards in care documents, as established by the Peruvian Ministry of Health, among postgraduate dentistry students at a private university. Material and Methods: A descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted with 153 postgraduate stomatology students from a private university. A virtual multiple-choice questionnaire with 30 questions was used, validated by experts (Content Validity Index: 0.86) and with a reliability of 0.82 (Cronbach's Alpha). Data collection was done using Google Forms, ensuring informed consent and confidentiality. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and tests such as Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Student's T-test, and ANOVA, with a significance level of 0.05. Results: The overall knowledge level regarding norms for healthcare documents was low, with an average score of 11.35 out of 30. Women and the 41-to-45-year age group showed slightly higher scores, with this difference being statistically significant for sex (p=0.037). Students with 16 to 20 years of professional experience and those specializing in Restorative Dentistry achieved the highest averages, though these differences were not statistically significant. Low averages were identified in specific areas such as odontograms, informed consent, and medication prescriptions. Conclusions: The study concludes that the knowledge level of postgraduate stomatology students regarding norms for healthcare documents is modest. A higher level of knowledge is observed in female participants and in the 41-to-45-year age group, as well as in those with 16 to 20 years of professional experience and in the Restorative Dentistry specialty. These findings